编者注：严格来说下面展出的是制造业经常用到的英文词汇，一些专业的词汇偏重于电子行业(SMT)，这些词汇多以缩写形式出现，另外，每个词汇都给出了中文的意思和英文的解释。所有词汇按照A-Z的顺序排序。
· AEA美国电气学会
American Electronics Association.
· AI 自动插件
Auto-Insertion, a method/equipment used to produce pin-through-hole components to PC boards.
· APICS 美国生产与库存控制协会
American Production and Inventory Control Society.
· ASIC 专用集成电路
Application Specific Integrated Circuit.
· ASIC design 专用集成电路设计
Ability to design an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chip. An ASIC chip is custom
custom designed for a specific application, in contrast to a general-purpose chip such as
as a microprocessor.
· ASQC 美国质量控制学会
American Society for Quality Control.
· ATE 自动测试设备
Automatic Test Equipment.
· AVL 已承认供应商列表
Approved Vendor List (parts list), parts list specifying approved manufacturer and part number.
· Annular ring 铜箔
The copper ring around the hole in a printed circuit board.
· B/I 老化
Burn In, a method used to screen out component early life failures.
· BABT 英国电信鉴定委员会
British Approvals Board for Telecommunications. BABT approval is required for all telephone network interfaced equipment sold in the United Kingdom.
· BCD二进制编码的十进制
Binary Coded Decimal.
· BOM 物料清单
Bill of materials, the source of information of all components.
· BTO/Channel assembly 按订单生产
Build-to-order, to build a unit from component level to an individual order, including required .
peripherals and software, and ship direct to customer. Advantages of build-to-order: reduced .
inventory costs, in particular, no finished goods inventory to carry.
· Ball-grid array 球形阵列
A method for attaching ICs to a PCB.
· Baud rate 波特率
Bits per second. The speed of data transmission.
· Build-to-stock 根据事前与客户协议的库存水平自动补货的一种交易模式
Build a significant volume of units based upon a high level forecast, typically a base unit or
standard configuration. Ship to either OEM warehouse or distribution warehouse.
· CAA计算机辅助装配
Computer-Aided Assembly.
· CAD计算机辅助设计
Computer-Aided Design.
· CAD/CAM 计算机辅助制造
Integration of computer-aided design and manufacturing.
· CAE计算机辅助工程
Computer-Aided Engineering.
· CAF计算机辅助夹具
Computer-Aided Fixturing.
· CAM 计算机辅助制造
Computer-Aided Manufacturing.
· CAP矫正过程行动
Corrective Action Process.
· CAR矫正措施要求
Corrective Action Request or Computer Aided Repair.
· CAT 计算机辅助测试
Computer-Aided Test.
· CCA电路板组装
Circuit Card Assembly.
· CCRP 顾客投诉解决过程
Customer Complaint Resolution Process.
· CFM连续流生产
Continuous Flow Manufacturing.
· CFT顾客焦点小组
Customer Focus Team, a team dedicated to the customer, made up of SPT experts from .each strategic area of the manufacturing process – supply-base management, inventory .control, engineering services, master scheduling, document control, quality assurance and customer reporting. The CFT provides comprehensive project management and close .communication throughout the entire
· CIM计算机集成制造
Computer Integrated Manufacturing.
· CIRM 集成资源管理认证
Certified in Integrated Resource Management (APICS certification).
· COB通过邦定将IC固定于印刷线路板上
Chip-on-board, a method of affixing an unencapsulated chip onto a PCB utilizing wire .
bonding process.
· COC将芯片贴装在瓷质基板上
Center of Competence
· COF将芯片固定于软板上
Chip-on-flex.
· COS将芯片倒装在板上
Chip-on-substrate.
· CP 制程能力
Process Capability.
· CPIM 生产和库存管理认证
Certified Production and Inventory Management.
· CPK制程能力指数
Process capability measure that takes into account the process average.
· CPM关键路径法
Critical Path Method.
· CRP能力需求计划
Capacity Requirement Planning.
· CRT阴极射线管
Cathode Ray Tube.
· CSI 顾客满意指数
Customer Satisfaction Index, a tool SPT uses to obtain feedback from its customers on SPT.'s performance.
· Circuit design 电路设计
Ability to design the circuit logic that allows electronic components to perform a specific
function.
· Complex systems assembly 复杂系统装配
Ability to assemble and test systems that involve large scale assembly, integration, staging
and product support; that require extensive testing and configuration; have high part counts/complex BOM management; require engineering changes and accelerated testing (e.g. HASS, power cycling)
· Configure-to-order systems assembly 定制订单装配
Takes an already built or partially built unit and adds specific peripherals and software .for individual customer order. Ship direct to customer.
· Component engineering 组件工程
The service of applying engineering know-how to the processes of component selection, .application and procurement. Can provide analysis of new trends in electronic devices.
· Contract manufacturing 合约制造
The practice of making products or subcomponents of products to be sold under a different company’s name.
· Core competencies 核心竞争力
Those functions or practices deemed by a company as central to its existence. .
Those activities that the company believes it does best, should focus on and that are in the company’s best interest for long-term success and growth.
· Custom packaging 代客产品包装
Custom packaging is the ability to add value to the basic "box and ship" end of distribution. For example, adding product literature or promotional items, and shipping it to the customer. in a box printed with the OEM's packaging design – i.e. the logo.
· Customer service 售后服务
Voice, electronic and web-based technical service support, technical services, software support, outbound demand, outbound customer satisfaction.
· DMR 材料差异报告
Discrepancy Material Report.
· DPM 每百万有多少不良
Defects Per Million.
· DVT 设计验证
Design Verification Test.
· Design-for-X (DFX) 面向xx的设计
The value-added service of instituting “best practices” in the design stage to improve X, where X is manufacturability, testability, serviceability, etc. DFX can include analysis of design documentation for production readiness and integrity, best selection of components for functionality, cost and availability, design for best manufacturing and assembly of PCBs and and system, and design of best cost effective tests.
· Design validation 设计验证
Provides a process that subjects a design to a series of stress tests to determine its robustness.
· Dock-to-stock 免验
A supplier quality management practice that allows a component or product to enter into company without going through an incoming inspection upon arrival at the receiving dock.
· EDI 电子数据交换
Electronic Data Interchange, the electronic transfer of pre-formatted business documents.
· EMS电子制造服务
Electronics Manufacturing Services, the industry based on providing manufacturing services .for electronics OEMs.
· EOL生命周期末端
End of Life, the stage of a product where there is little continued development before it is withdrawn from the market.
· ERP 企业资源计划
Enterprise Resource Planning, a packaged application that enables a company to automate almost every aspect of its operations by tying its ERP databases to its intranet and extranet and allowing full browser access to them.
· ESD静电放电
Electrostatic Discharge.
· EVT工程验证
Engineering Verification Test.
· End of life manufacturing 制造生命周期末期
Generally involves the support of low volume new build to support service demand where the return rates from service do not support the service demand rate. Will involve BOM management, AVL management, material recovery, order management, manufacturing tool archives.
· Environmental stress screening 应力筛选
A process by which components or assemblies are tested at the extremes of their normal operating conditions, usually in terms of temperature and voltage limits, for a period of hours or days in order to detect early life defects. It is not meant to be a destructive test.
· FPGA 现场可编程门阵列
Field Programmable Gate Array.
· Fast depot 快速储存
FRU exchange, ECO upgrade, NTF screen, test, field ready pack out, advanced exchange,direct ship, FGI management.
· Five(5)S 5S
Five-item audit process which focuses on orderliness and neatness
Seiri – Organization
Seiton – Orderliness
Seiso – Cleanliness
Seiketsu – Standardized Cleanup
Shitsuke – Discipline
· Flexible circuit assembly 柔性电路装配
Second-level integration of active and or passive devices on a flexible, formable substrate.
· Fortune 500 财富500强
A list compiled by Fortune magazine of the 500 largest manufacturing and service companies in the United States.
· Fulfillment 直接分销
A process that supplies a finished manufactured product directly from a manufacturing facility to a distributor or end user without the finished product going back through the company that has created the product. The fulfillment cycle may include receiving customer orders, configuring the products to order, shipping and invoicing products to distribution outlets or end end users around the world.
· IEEE电子电气工程协会
Institute for Electronic and Electrical Engineers.
· IPI 在线检查
In Process Inspection, a built in inspection function in the manufacturing process.
· ISO 国际标准组织
International Standards Organization.
· Just in Time (JIT) manufacturing (kanban) 及时生产
The material handling practice that minimizes or eliminates the amount of product brought into inventory by setting up a delivery schedule that brings materials directly from the supplier to the production floor.
· Kaizen technique 改善技术
Continuous improvement.
· Kanban 看板
A card attached to standard containers that is used to control the flow of materials through
JIT or pull-manufacturing systems.
· Kitting 备料
Gathering parts into kits for production assembly.
· Logistics management 物流管理
Manages the reverse flow of defective product from the end user through the various steps to repair and then back out to the end user. Will involve inventory management, remote stocking location management/re-provision, reverse logistics, advanced exchange, warehousing, external shipping/receiving, freight carrier management, scheduling, forecasting, import/export, freight data collection, turnaround time metrics.
· Logistics and distribution management 物流配送管理
Logistics involves the sorting, warehousing and shipping of raw goods and finished product. Distribution management focuses on direct shipments to the end user.
· MCM 多芯片组件
Multi-chip Module, a type of semiconductor package used in PCB assembly.
· MPS 主生产计划
Master Production Schedule.
· MRB 材料审查会议
Material Review Board.
· MRP 物料需求计划
Materials Requirements Planning, original manufacturing business software that focuses only on planning the manufacturing materials and inventories and does not integrate planning for other resources, like people and machine capacity.
· Manufacturability 可制造性
The characteristics of a product design that allow it to be produced.
· Manufacturing and technology roadmap 制造技术蓝图
Providing a strategic outline of what manufacturing and technology methods, machines and process will be used.
· Mechanical design 机构设计
Ability to do physical designs that accomplish a specific function through the work of electronic subassemblies and mechanical parts and sub-assemblies. Gears, sheet metal, and plastic parts are some of the mechanical components. Power supplies, PCB assemblies, fans are some of the mechanical sub-assemblies.
· NODE 节点
Any individually addressable point in a network.
· New Product Introduction (NPI) management 新产品导入管理
Provides a business process to help the customer achieve a cost-effective quick-to-volume production design. The process is most effective when the customer engages at the concept phase of the product's development cycle. It can include technology selection, design, test . and material strategies, DFX, component, design and development engineer services and rapid board and system proto build services.
· ODM 原始设计制造商
Original Design Manufacturer, business model/product manufacturing method whereby product is designed and assembly is performed upon receipt of functional requirements for a type of product. In the typical ODM model, the manufacturer designs the complete product. In other cases, the ODM may rely on a combination of original design capabilities for some assemblies/components and off-the-shelf components and assemblies to meet the customer requirements. Advantages: greatest level of customization, product differentiation.
· OEM 原始设备制造商
Original Equipment Manufacturer, the company behind the “brand name” of a product.
· Outsourcing 外包
The practice of subcontracting work to outside companies.
· PAL 可编程阵列逻辑
Programmed Array Logic.
· PCB 印刷电路板
Printed Circuit Board, a sheet of insulating material carrying circuit elements and terminals so that it can be inserted into an electrical apparatus (such as a computer).
· PCB layout 印刷电路板布局
The ability to create the physical realization of an electrical design including ASIC, circuit or RF designs.
· PCBA 印刷电路板装配
Printed Circuit Board Assembly, the act of installing components on a PCB.
· PCMCIA PC机内存卡国际接口
Personal Computer Memory Card International Interface, a standard for credit-card sized memory and modem cards for portable PCs.
· PPB 十亿分之一
Parts per Billion.
· PPM 百万分之一
Parts Per Million.
· PTH 通孔装配技术
Pin-through-hole technology, a method of soldering electrical components to a board substrate that involves pin-through-hole connections.
· PVT 量产验证测试
Production Verification Test.
· PWB 平面印刷线路板
Printed Wiring Board.
· Parts management 元件管理
Serial number tracking, EC management, parts exchange, configuration management, FGI levels, secondary channel sales, parts sale/restocking, advanced sales, sub-contract repair management.
· Poke Yoke technique 防呆技术
A Japanese term for mistake-proof design.
· Printed circuit 印刷电路
A circuit for electronic apparatus made by depositing conductive material in continuous paths from terminal to terminal on an insulating surface.
· Printed circuit board assembly 印刷电路板装配
Second-level integration of active and passive devices (electrical, electronic, optical and/or mechanical) on a rigid substrate.
· Printed circuit board layout 印刷电路板布局
The process of transforming the electrical design (functional or logical representation) into a physical object (physical layout of placing components and routing of interconnect wires)
· Process development 过程开发
Tailoring or building manufacturing methods for technology mix elected by customer.
· Program manager 项目经理
The overall business manager at SPT responsible for a particular customer who directs all activities performed at SPT in support of that customer. This person is the key link between the manufacturing team at SPT and product management at the customer.
· Program office 项目办公室
A SPT location that functions as a liaison for dealing with both suppliers and customers in a region. The program offices in Singapore,Hong Kong & Shenzhen work to establish and maintain relationships with suppliers and serves as a base for business development activities with customers.
· Pull system 拉式生产
In production, refers to the production of items only as demanded for use, or to replace those take for use. In a materials control context, refers to the withdrawal of inventory as demanded by using operations. Material is not issued until a signal comes from the user.
· Push system 推式生产
In production, refers to the production of items at times required by a given schedule planned in advance. In a material control context, refers to the issuing of materials according to a given schedule and or issuing to a job order and its start time.
· QA 质量保证
Quality Assurance, activities to assure outgoing and customer product quality; inspection is only a minor part of QA activity.
· QC 质量控制
Quality Control, in process quality.
· QIP 质量改善过程
Quality Improvement Process.
· Quick-turn prototyping 快速原型
Ability to produce a sample of a product in a relatively short time. Typically 2-5 days from receipt of all the board-level components.
· Quick-turn testing 快速测试
Testing of a product using methods which are easy to implement. For example, flying probe.
· Reconfiguration 重新配置
Upgrading an existing product by replacing subsytems, peripherals, software or cabling.
· Reflow 回流焊
A process to form a solder joint by providing heat to the solder paste.
· Reliability and failure analysis 可靠性失效分析
Capability to determine the root cause of a component or assembly defect or failure as well as to predict the “life” of a board or system. This is usually expressed in terms of “mean time between failures” (MTBF).
· Repair and maintenance 维修保养
Repair, refurbishment, remanufacturing, upgrades, test and burn-in, component debug, field ready pack out, direct ship, RMA control, advanced exchange, DGI management,EC management, data recovery, failure analysis, material recovery.
· Returns processing 重工
Receiving/parts ID, warranty validation, variance resolution, NTF screen, re-box/re-stock, EC management, data recovery, failure analysis, material recovery.
· RF and wireless design 无线射频设计
Ability to do circuit designs that operate in a range of electromagnetic frequencies above the audio range and below visible light. All broadcast transmission, from AM radio to satellites, falls into this range, which is between 30KHz and 300GHz.
· SMT 表面贴装技术
Surface Mount Technology, a method of soldering electrical components directly to a board substrate that uses less space than the pin-through-hole method.
· Six-Sigma 六西格玛
Where processes are twice as good as they need to be and allowed to shift up to 50%. The resulting error rate will remain less than 3.4ppm.
· Solder sample 焊锡样本
A scraped board that is used for the cross-section and the wave solder test.
· Supply-base management 供应基地管理
SPT's materials management organization. Includes activities such as purchasing and inventory control.
· Supply-chain and logistics management 供应链管理
Supply-chain management is the ability to ensure a steady flow of materials through the manufacturing process. Logistics management involves the sorting, warehousing, and shipping raw goods and finished products.
· Systems design 系统设计
Ability to do designs that comprise the interaction and integration of various sub-assemblies into a single assembly to accomplish an intended function. The sub-assemblies can consist of electrical, mechanical, optical, software, acoustical and other components to achieve overall functionality. Examples of systems design include designing a PC, a cellular phone or a pager.
· Systems integration 系统集成
Combining sub-systems and/or peripherals, adding software and cabling to specification in order to produce fully configured product.
· TAB 柔性带自动连接
Tape Automated Bonding, a method of affixing an integrated circuit chip onto a PC board.
· TQC 全面质量控制
Total Quality Control.
· TQM 全面质量管理
Total Quality Management.
· Testing 测试
Providing ways to check the functionality of components, sub-assemblies, assemblies and/or a finished product. Tests can include: in-circuit tests, functional tests and systems tests.
· Test development 测试开发
Ability to design and deploy a specific type of test. The test could be for functionality, manufacturability, reliability or qualification.
· Test Strategy 测试策略
Ability to design a test using the most cost-effective test techniques to ensure the item being tested functions correctly.
· Test technology roadmap 测试技术蓝图
Providing a strategic outline of what tests will be included in the design and manufacturing life cycle.
· Turnkey 总体解决方案
A type of outsourcing method that turns over to the subcontractor all aspects of manufacturing including material acquisition, assembly and testing. Its opposite is consignment, wherein the outsourcing company provides all materials required for the products and the subcontractor provides only assembly equipment and labor.
· Value-added 增加价值
The increased worth of a product or service that comes at each stage of the work process.
· VMI 供应商管理库存
Vendor Managed Inventory, when the supplier provides not only the materials but directly or indirectly performs inventory management of those materials.
· WIP 在制品
Work In Progress.
· Warranty processing 保修程序
The ability to provide Repair Materials Authorization (RMA). SPT can serve as an authorized warranty location.
· Wave soldering 波峰焊
A method used to create solder bond between PTH components and PCB.
· White box 白盒
Build a unit of our own design with an end customer’s “label” (e.g. VAR/reseller) to an individual order, including required peripherals and software. Ship direct to customer.
